Introducing Cats

Keep them separated at first!

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The first and most important step when introducing cats is to keep them separated initially. Change can be incredibly daunting for cats, and your new cat is entering an unfamiliar environment filled with new people, surroundings, and smells. It’s essential to give them a room or designated space of their own during these early days. This space should act as their “safe zone,” where they can feel secure while gradually adjusting to their new home. By providing a quiet, comfortable area with their own litter box, food, water, and bedding, you allow your new cat the time they need to get used to the new sights, sounds, and smells at their own pace before meeting the resident cat. A spare bedroom or even a bathroom is a great space. 

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Scent exchange

Cats rely heavily on scent to identify safe spaces and other animals. Begin the introduction process by familiarising both cats with each other’s scent before they meet face-to-face. Swap bedding or toys between the cats. Let them get used to the other cat’s scent in their safe environment. Repeat the process for both cats, so they associate the new smell with safety.

Controlled visual contact

After a few days of scent swapping, it might be appropriate to allow the cats see each other without direct contact. Use baby gates, cracked doors, or glass doors to allow them to observe each other from a distance. Short, non-threatening visual exposure is key.
Gradually increase the amount of time they can see each other through the barrier, making sure their reactions remain calm.

 

Positive association with food

To create a positive association with the presence of the other cat, feed them near each other but on opposite sides of a door or barrier.

Start with the food bowls a safe distance from the door, and gradually bring them closer at meal times. Both cats will begin to associate the presence of the other with something positive: food!

Short, supervised meetings

Once both cats seem comfortable with each other’s scent and sight, it’s time for a short, supervised face-to-face introduction.

Begin in a neutral space where neither cat feels territorial. Keep the initial meetings brief, allowing the cats to observe or ignore each other at their own pace. Use play or treats to distract and engage the cats during the meeting. Interactive toys like feather wands can help focus their attention on something fun.

Gradually increased time together

As the cats become more comfortable, gradually increase the length of their meetings. Keep a close eye on body language—signs of aggression, such as hissing, growling, or swatting, mean the cats need a break. Always aim to end meetings on a positive note. If things get tense, separate the cats before aggression escalates.

Provide separate resources

To avoid conflict, ensure both cats have their own food and water bowls, litter boxes, and resting spots. A good rule of thumb is to have one litter box per cat, plus one extra. This helps reduce territorial behavior and prevents competition. Multiple scratching posts, hiding spots, and high places will also help each cat feel secure.

Use calming aids

 

Products like Feliway pheromone diffusers, and natural calming supplements like Zylkene can help reduce stress during the introduction process. These diffusers release calming pheromones that mimic a cat’s natural scent signals of safety and security. Many of our foster carers have trialed and recommend Royal Canin's Calm food. which has the same key ingredient as Zylkene. They also really like these Hemp Calming Treats!

Observe body language

Cats communicate a lot through body language, so it’s essential to monitor their signals. Signs of calm: Relaxed posture, slow blinking, and sniffing. These are good signs that the introduction is going well.  Signs of stress or aggression: Flattened ears, puffed tails, hissing, or growling. If you notice these, it’s best to separate the cats and try again later.

Be patient and take it slow

 

The introduction process can take days, weeks, or even months, depending on the personalities of the cats. If one or both cats are showing consistent signs of stress, take a step back and give them more time to adjust. Remember, it is always okay to go back a couple of steps and try again! Don’t rush the process—a slow introduction is key to long-term success.

Seek professional help if needed

If despite your best efforts, the cats continue to show aggression or stress, it's always worth consulting a veterinarian. They can provide tailored advice and help you navigate specific challenges or may be able to identify a medical reason as to why the cats aren't cohabitating well.